MAGNETIC CHARACTERISTICS AND MINERAL COMPOSITION ANALYSIS OF KARST ROCKS FROM RAMMANG-RAMMANG KARST AREA, MAROS REGENCY, SOUTH SULAWESI, INDONESIA
DOI:
10.29303/ipr.v9i1.575Downloads
Abstract
This study investigates the magnetic characteristics and mineral composition of rocks in the Rammang-Rammang Karst area, Maros Regency, South Sulawesi, Indonesia, to clarify lithological variability and its implications for local magnetic anomalies. A total of 25 rock samples collected from field sampling points were analysed using a Bartington Susceptibility Meter, while five samples were further examined with a Vibrating Sample Magnetometer (VSM), X-Ray Fluorescence (XRF), and X-Ray Diffraction (XRD). The magnetic susceptibility values range from –0.6 to 10.5 m³/kg, indicating a predominance of diamagnetic behaviour with minor contributions from paramagnetic and antiferromagnetic minerals. Hysteresis curve analysis from VSM confirmed the consistency between magnetic responses and susceptibility measurements. XRF results show that Ca dominates the rocks (>95%), with minor amounts of Fe, Ti, Si, Mn, Cu, Sr, Mo, In, and Co, as well as trace amounts of rare-earth elements (Lu, Eu). XRD analysis confirmed calcite (CaCO₃) as the principal mineral phase, with crystallite sizes ranging from 39 to 44 nm, and the presence of dolomite in sample T18. The spatial distribution of magnetic susceptibility indicates that most of the study area exhibits low and negative values, reflecting diamagnetic behaviour. Whereas the highest value occurs at sampling point T12, which localizes the highest-susceptibility area, marked in red. These results indicate that the magnetic variability of Rammang-Rammang rocks is controlled by minor accessory magnetic minerals, providing valuable insights for mineral exploration and mitigating local magnetic anomalies.
Keywords:
Magnetic susceptibility VSM XRF XRD Rammang-Rammang KarstReferences
[1] A. Ahmad and A. S. Hamzah, Database Karst Sulawesi Selatan. Makassar: Badan Lingkungan Hidup Daerah Provinsi Sulawesi Selatan, 2016.
[2] I. Agus Mandong, T. Budiarti, and A. Munandar, “Kajian Potensi Objek Daya Tarik Wisata Alam Karst Rammang-Rammang di Kabupaten Maros Provinsi Sulawesi Selatan,” J. Lanskap Indones., vol. 15, no. 1, pp. 36–41, Apr. 2023.
[3] A. A., “Karakteristik Magnetik Tanah pada Lahan Produksi Kakao dan Jambu Mete Menggunakan Metode Suseptibilitas Magnetik,” J. Rekayasa Geofis. Indones., vol. 5, no. 01, pp. 14–23, Aug. 2023.
[4] M. Arsyad, M. Rukmana, and P. Palloan, “Valuation of Physical Properties of Rocks in the Maros Pangkep Karst Area of Bantimurung Bulusaraung National Park,” J. Penelit. Pendidik. IPA, vol. 8, no. 4, pp. 1954–1962, Oct. 2022.
[5] A. A. Yarangga, “Keterdapatan Alterasi Hidrotermal pada Daerah Wasegi (SP3) dan Sekitarnya Distrik Prafi Kabupaten Manokwari PropinsiI Papua Barat,” INTAN J. Penelit. Tambang, vol. 3, 2020.
[6] A. Sambolangi, Subaer, A. Susanto, and M. Arsyad, “Analysis and extraction of mineral content from guano in karst and non caves.,” Adv. Soc. Humanit. Res., vol. 2, no. 9, p. 16, 2024.
[7] Hasria, M. R. Fiqriawan, S. Astuti, and Harisma, “Pemanfaatan Metode Kemagnetan Batuan di Indonesia,” Einsteins Res. J. Appl. Phys., vol. 2, no. 1, pp. 1–5, Feb. 2024.
[8] S. R. Haraty, E. S. Hasan, and P. Melinda, “Pemetaan Nilai Suseptibilitas Magnetik Sebagai Pendugaan Pencemaran Logam Berat Pada Tanah Lapisan Atas Di Sepanjang Jalur Bypass Ranomeeto – Kendari Beach, Kota Kendari,” J. Rekayasa Geofis. Indones., vol. 5, no. 2, pp. 107–117, Agustus 2023.
[9] R. Rinanda and D. Puryanti, “Analisis Sifat Magnetik Kalsium Ferit yang Disintesis Menggunakan Metode Metalurgi Serbuk,” J. Fis. Unand, vol. 9, no. 2, pp. 224–230, Nov. 2020.
[10] D. L. Puspitarum, G. Safitri, H. Ardiyanti, and M. S. Anrokhi, “Karakterisasi dan Sifat Kemagnetan Pasir Besi di Wilayah Lampung Tengah,” J. Pendidik. Fis., vol. 7, no. 2, p. 236, Sept. 2019.
[11] H. Husain, R. Dewi, W. A. Adi, Y. Taryana, and S. Pratapa, “Structural analysis and magnetic-microwave absorption properties of natural mineral-derived silica-coated magnetite nanocomposites,” J. Magn. Magn. Mater., vol. 556, p. 169458, Aug. 2022.
[12] S. Nono’o, R. Yunginger, G. H. Tamutuan, M. Demulawa, and I. Supu, “Identifikasi Jenis Mineral Magnetik Berdasarkan Uji XRF pada Sedimen Permukaan Sungai Bone di Daerah Pertambangan di Desa Tulabolo Timur, Suwawa, Kabupaten Gorontalo,” J. Nat. Sci., vol. 3, no. 2, pp. 1–7, Nov. 2023.
[13] H. Husain, Y. Taryana, W. A. Adi, N. Nurhayati, M. Saleh, and N. Dewi, “Analisis X-Ray Flouresence dan X-Ray Diffraction Mineral Pasir dan Batu Besi Indonesia Sebagai Material Magnetik,” J. Sains Dan Pendidik. Fis., vol. 20, no. 1, p. 105, July 2024.
[14] S. Alisna and S. Sinuraya, “Pemetaan Suseptibilitas Mmagnetik dan Penentuan Kandungan Logam pada Air Gambut di Kelurahan Tuah Madani Kecamatan Tampan Pekanbaru,” Komun. Fis. Indones., vol. 18, no. 1, pp. 12–17, Mar. 2021.
[15] C. A. Aryanti, F. Amir, and I. Mishbach, “Distribusi Spasial Karbon Organik Total (KOT) dalam Sedimen di Perairan PLTU Tanjung Awar-Awar, Tuban, Jawa Timur,” J. Sains Dan Inov. Perikan., vol. 9, no. 1, pp. 118–124, 2025.
[16] I. A. Sandi, M. Arsyad, and V. A. Tiwow, “Analisis Mineral Magnetik Guano Gua Kawasan Karst Maros Taman Nasional Bantimurung Bulusaraung,” J. Sains Dan Pendidik. Fis., vol. 20, no. 1, pp. 86–96, July 2024.
[17] V. A. Tiwow, M. J. Rampe, and S. Sulistiawaty, “Suseptibilitas Magnetik dan Konsentrasi Logam Berat Sedimen Sungai Tallo di Makassar,” J. Ilm. SAINS, vol. 22, no. 1, pp. 60–66, Apr. 2022.
[18] F. Fahruddin, N. Haedar, A. Abdullah, A. Wahab, and R. Rifaat, “Deteksi Unsur Logam dengan XRF dan Analisis Mikroba pada Limbah Air Asam Tambang dari Pertambangan di Lamuru - Kabupaten Bone,” J. GEOCELEBES, vol. 4, no. 1, pp. 7–13, Jan. 2020.
[19] V. A. Tiwow et al., “Estimation of mineralogical, morphological, and magnetic properties of the mineral sediments of guano caves in the karst area,” J. Chem. Technol. Metall., vol. 60, no. 2, pp. 275–285, Mar. 2025.
[20] Z. Sinaga and J. Joniwarta, “Analisis Ukuran Kristal Dan Sifat Magnetik Melalui Proses Pemesinan Milling Menggunakan Metode Karakterisasi XRD, Mechannical Alloying, dan Ultrasonik Tekanan Tinggi pada Material Barium Hexaferrite (Bafe12o19),” J. Kaji. Tek. MESIN, vol. 5, no. 1, pp. 9–14, Apr. 2020.
[21] M. Sumadiyasa and I. B. S. Manuaba, “Determining crystallite size using scherrer formula, Williamson-Hull plot, and particle size with SEM,” Bul. Fis., vol. 19, no. 1, p. 28, July 2018.
[22] D. O. Oktavia, Salomo, and U. Malik, “Pemetaan Suseptibilitas Magnetik Endapan Tanah Sungai Sail Pekanbaru,” J. ONLINE Phys., vol. 4, no. 2, pp. 1–7, Sept. 2019.
[23] Waode Jelita Ma’ruff Bay and Linda Pulungan, “Pemanfaatan Bahan Galian Mineral Kalsit Berdasarkan Karakteristik Sifat Fisik di Cikembar Sukabumi,” J. Ris. Tek. Pertamb., pp. 40–47, July 2022.
[24] A. A. Rosari, A. Muris, and M. Arsyad, “Analisis Sifat Fisis dan Sifat Mekanik Batuan Karst Maros,” J. Sains Dan Pendidik. Fis. JSPF, vol. 13, no. 3, pp. 276–281, Desember 2017.
[25] E. Sulistiyono and A. Suharyanto, “Pengukuran Kristal Nano Magnesium Karbonat Dengan Metode X-Ray Diffraction (XRD),” Semin. Nas. Sains Dan Teknol. 2025, Mei 2025.
[26] S. P. Putri, W. K. Hidajat, and R. Setyawan, “Studi Mikrofasies dan Diagenesis Batugamping Formasi Paciran, Desa Tegaldowo, Kecamatan Gunem, Kabupaten Rembang, Provinsi Jawa Tengah,” J. Geosains Dan Teknol., vol. 6, no. 2, pp. 104–120, Dec. 2023.
[27] M. Ikhsan and H. Haris, “Ekowisata Rammang-Rammang Sebagai Laboratorium Pembelajaran Kontekstual Geografi di Kabupaten Maros,” JAMBURA GEO Educ. J., vol. 3, no. 2, pp. 43–51, Sept. 2022.
[28] V. Balaram, “Rare earth elements: A review of applications, occurrence, exploration, analysis, recycling, and environmental impact,” Geosci. Front., vol. 10, no. 4, pp. 1285–1303, July 2019.
[29] N. Rahmi, M. Arsyad, and A. Susanto, “Analisis Karakteristik Mineral Ornamen Gua Leang Lonrong Kawasan Karst Pangkep Sulawesi Selatan Taman Nasional Bantimurung Bulusaraung,” J. Fis. Flux, vol. 19, no. 3, pp. 247–255, Oktober 2022.
[30] R. Aprianto and K. S. Brtopuspito, “Analisis Suseptibilitas Magnetik Batuan Pengeboran di Blok Elang Sumbawa,” J. Pendidik. Fis. Dan Teknol., vol. 1, no. 3, pp. 226–234, Mar. 2017.
License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Authors who publish with Indonesian Physical Review Journal, agree to the following terms:
- Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International Licence (CC BY SA-4.0). This license allows authors to use all articles, data sets, graphics, and appendices in data mining applications, search engines, web sites, blogs, and other platforms by providing an appropriate reference. The journal allows the author(s) to hold the copyright without restrictions and will retain publishing rights without restrictions.
- Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgment of its initial publication in Indonesian Physical Review Journal.
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See The Effect of Open Access).

