DESIGN OF AN AUTOMATIC PENDULUM VELOCITY MEASURING DEVICE USING LIGHT SENSORS

Rima Fitria Adiati; Astridea Salwa  Haniyah; Agus  Kartono; Heriyanto  Syafutra

doi:10.29303/ipr.v8i1.404

DESIGN OF AN AUTOMATIC PENDULUM VELOCITY MEASURING DEVICE USING LIGHT SENSORS

Authors

Rima Fitria Adiati , Astridea Salwa Haniyah , Agus Kartono , Heriyanto Syafutra

DOI:

10.29303/ipr.v8i1.404

Published:

2024-12-09

Issue:

Vol. 8 No. 1 (2025)

Keywords:

Mathematical pendulum, instantaneous speed measurement, LDR sensor, Arduino

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Adiati, R. F., Haniyah, A. S. ., Kartono, A. ., & Syafutra, H. (2024). DESIGN OF AN AUTOMATIC PENDULUM VELOCITY MEASURING DEVICE USING LIGHT SENSORS. Indonesian Physical Review, 8(1), 150–161. https://doi.org/10.29303/ipr.v8i1.404

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Abstract

The instantaneous velocity of an object is the rate of change of its position over an infinitesimally small-time interval, making direct measurement with tools like stopwatches impractical. Using two LDR sensors paired with an Arduino, it is possible to measure such small-time intervals effectively. Understanding the maximum velocity of a mathematical pendulum is critical for distinguishing between harmonic and non-harmonic oscillations. To validate the accuracy of the sensor-Arduino system, several experiments were conducted, including comparisons between Arduino measurements and those obtained from a movie tracker, as well as variations in sensor separation distances, initial oscillation angles, and pendulum rope lengths. Results showed a high level of agreement between Arduino and movie tracker measurements for pendulum crossing times. Additionally, the sensor-Arduino system successfully differentiated the effects of varying each parameter while holding others constant. The system demonstrated an accuracy of 97.86% for velocity measurements at a release angle of 5°, with an average recorded velocity of 23.350 m/s. These findings confirm the sensor-Arduino system's capability to reliably measure the velocity of a mathematical pendulum.

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Author Biography

Rima Fitria Adiati, IPB University

Lecturer, Department of Physics

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DESIGN OF AN AUTOMATIC PENDULUM VELOCITY MEASURING DEVICE USING LIGHT SENSORS

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Rima Fitria Adiati, IPB University

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